Many of us can enjoy the long surface of the sea or river, on which the waves roll. Born of the wind, and then they are distributed by gravity. The particles of water make them the movement in circular and elliptical trajectories ( "up - down" and "forward - backward" at the same time), so these waves can not be attributed to longitudinal nor transverse. The study of nonlinear wave processes in inhomogeneous media plays an important role in the fields of oceanography, meteorology, energy, chemical and aerospace technologies.
Of particular interest for the application of the general methods of wave dynamics are gravitational waves, determine largely horizontal and vertical exchange of energy in the ocean, as well as acoustic waves, playing a significant role in the problems of the non-contact sensing of inhomogeneous, in particular multiphase media. They are caused by powerful shocks ocean - underwater earthquakes, explosions, landslides and even meteorites - and carry information about these events around the world within minutes. As long waves travel faster than short, they come to the shores of earlier short 1-2 days.
The acoustic gravity waves - very long sound waves, which penetrate the ocean with the speed of sound. They are usually caused by natural disasters. Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is currently engaged in a common source of acoustic gravity waves: surface ocean waves, the same as those that can be seen from the beach or boat deck. These waves, known as surface-gravity waves do not propagate as fast or far deep as acoustic gravity waves, but under the right conditions, they can generate the powerful, fast-moving sound waves of low frequency.
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